Coordonnées des objets célestes Stellarium

Asked by jean-marc boulard

Bonjour,

Je suis un vidéaste et je suis en train de monter un projet dans lequel j'ai filmé d'un même point de mon appartement Vénus (les mois précédents son transit de 2012) et les objets qu'elle croisait (étoiles, planètes en particulier). Chaque séquence est bien sûr datée et classée par l'heure à laquelle elle a été filmée. Il peut y avoir quelques secondes d'erreur cependant mais pas plus d'une minute ou deux par rapport à l'heure indiquée par un ordinateur connecté.
Avec Stellarium je retrouve donc facilement les coordonnées et données de chaque planète correspondant à chaque plan, azimut, magnitude, distance, etc... selon les besoins du film à tel moment.
J'ai toujours considéré jusque là que les données azimutales ou la hauteur, par ex., étaient celles que nous voyons au moment où la lumière d'un objet (Soleil, Vénus) nous arrive sur terre à un point géographique donné. Mais, suite à quelques plans où les indications de Stellarium semblent diverger un peu de mes captures vidéo, je me demande si ces données prennent en compte toutes les variables (variations des distances à la Terre, variations dues à la situation géographique, etc..) et si il ne faut pas les corriger un peu et si oui, comment ou si je dois les imputer à des phénomènes optiques de lentilles de caméra et autres effets perspectifs ou encore à une chose à laquelle je n'aurais pas pensé.
Pour précision j'utilise la version 0.10.6 de Stellarium; je n'ai jamais pensé à la mettre à jour parce que je la trouve déjà très performante, plus que mes besoins.
Je vous serai extrêmement reconnaissant de m'indiquer si toutes les variations ont été prises en compte.

Très cordialement et avec gratitude pour votre travail,

Jean-Marc Boulard

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Alexander Wolf (alexwolf) said :
#1

If I correct understanding you: you need check settings for geographical location in Stellarium and check settings for time zone in operating system for that location.

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jean-marc boulard (elejmb) said :
#2

Hi Alexander,

I'll try in English.
I need to know if the datas (azimut, height) for planets are calculated with the exact distance. I suppose they are but I have some puzzling differences with what I shot and what should be seen considering the datas given by Stellarium.
For ex., on the 12th of March, 2012 at 21h11mn42s from Toulouse (142m), France; Venus and Jupiter should be at exactly the same heighth (18') and there's a visible difference, though thin, on my shots. I'd like to know where this comes from.
I made some hypohtesises : my camera video lense distorted a little but they're so close that it's not very probable so I thought also that the datas from Jupiter, for ex., could have been given for an average distance and not for the precise one (considering the light speed, this could be the reason, etc... well, you probably know that better than I).
I had another hypothesis that the altitude from Toulouse could be a source of error too, if I'd live, for ex., at the 7th floor (probably 20m higher)...
Thanks a lot for your previous answer and maybe for your next one,
JMB

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gzotti (georg-zotti) said :
#3

With version 0.13RC1r1 and built-in location Toulouse (150m) at 21:11:42, I have Jupiter at altitude 18 deg (not arcmin!) 0' 15", and Venus at 18°0'14" without light time correction. With light time correction, it is given at 18°0'6" and 18°0'10".

Of course, this is without correction for atmospheric refraction which V0.10.6 did not have. Refraction in this altitude is given with almost 3', and a few arcseconds of refractive difference are easily gained with some hot-air turbulences.

I also did not switch off DeltaT correction (also unknown in V0.10.6), which again causes about a minute of motion.

What is the amount of the "thin" difference? Stellarium says 4 arcseconds or 1/5 diameter of Venus. How accurate was the vertical positioning accuracy of your camera? Or did you use other software (which) to compute 18°0'0" for both objects?

G.

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jean-marc boulard (elejmb) said :
#4

Thanks a lot, georg, for all the information. (And congratulations for your work.)

I have now downloaded 0.12.3 (I can't run 0.13RC1r1). It doesn't run so smooth but some more information as elongation are precious for the project.
The accuracy of the video camera can't be compared to any scientific instrument, especially on wide angles, but I have to be sure what are the differences due to. I just used Stellarium, no other software.
By the way, I saw in the preferences there were different settings for DeltaT (I stuck to the one given "Espenak & Meeus 2006" but considering I need datas for a period running from October 2011 to June 2012, shouldn't I set another one that has been proofed by real observation, Islam, Sadiq & Qureshi 2013, for ex. ?).

Just about light time correction, where do you set this ? Can you tell me what it is exactly ?
Is the difference of about 3' between geometric and apparent positions due to refraction ?
What I mostly need is the apparent position at the moment it is shot, as if stars could give the measure of Earth from this point of shooting/view... (by projection of the heighths and azimuts).

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gzotti (georg-zotti) said :
#5

Light Time correction: View menu (left button column, third entry), first tab, top right quadrant "Planets and Satellites", "Light time correction" or similar. What happens: without, planet positions are computed for displayed time. However, we observe the planets at positions which they had a few minutes ago, the light takes some time to reach us. With activated correction, planet positions are computed for the time the light has left the planet. Usually not much difference if you just want to find an object, but crucial e.g. for observations of Jupiter's moons.

Yes, 3 arcminutes raise in apparent altitude are caused by refraction.

DeltaT: We recommend default settings, all else is "if you know what you are doing". For present times, it should not cause much difference however.

You still did not tell us how much altitude difference you have observed.

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jean-marc boulard (elejmb) said :
#6

Light time correction. I wanted to be sure, thanks.
In French, it's been translated by "Simuler la vitesse de la lumière".

For the altitude difference I can't tell precisely. I'll try to integrate a video screenshot, :
21h17mn 10; 12th of March 2012 :
In most of the shots, it's clear but here, as you can see, I needed to know the part of "terrestrial perspective" and the part of "astronomical geometry". I have some wide shots too where the vertical/horizontal position is deliberately inclinated so I needed to trust totally Stellarium :)
[IMG]http://i921.photobucket.com/albums/ad58/jeanmarcboulard/Capturedrsquoe3010cran2014-07-15a3000141008_zps87eeb0f5.png[/IMG]
(with light time correction) Venus 17°0'57" - Jupiter 17°0'26"
(without :) Venus 17°01'01" - Jupiter 17°0'35"
with 0.10.6

With 0.12.4 (refraction, light correction ticked :)
Venus 17°4'0" - Jupiter 17°3'27"

By the way, I just noticed that refraction could be refined with temperature and mbar datas !!!
I'll refine then all the observations with those datas I can find.

Thanks a lot, Georg.

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jean-marc boulard (elejmb) said :
#7

Forgot to tell, this balcony on the screenshot is 5 floors higher.